Laminas-cache example not working

No, there are many ways but via the config provider class it is easy, because no manual configuration is needed. Make sure you added laminas-cache and the cache adapter to your service container:

$container = new Laminas\ServiceManager\ServiceManager();

// Add everything from laminas-cache
$container->configure(
    (new Laminas\Cache\ConfigProvider())->getDependencyConfig()
);

// Add everything from the filesystem adapter of laminas-cache
$container->configure(
    (new Laminas\Cache\Storage\Adapter\Filesystem\ConfigProvider())->getServiceDependencies()
);

See also:

That is already being done.